一个世界最早光象分类体系的探讨——复原先秦“十煇”的研究

A STUDY OF THE WORLD’S FIRST OPTICAL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM-SEARCH INTO THE MEANINGS OF THE TEN GROUPS OF OPTICAL PHENOMENA DEFINED IN THE ZHOU DYNASTY

摘要:

《周礼》十煇为世界最早的光象分类体系。其含义历来众说纷纭。有探讨、重建并评价的必要。本文比照历史上有影响的五家十煇定义,分析其含糊矛盾之处,提出复原十煇原义的三条原则,从而重建了十煇原义表,介绍了古代观测十煇的方法。最后对《周礼》十煇这个光象分类体系进行了评价。

关键词:十煇;光象分类体系;祲;象;(金嶲);弥;序;想

Abstract:

Two thousand and four or five hundred years ago,in a Chinese classical book,The Etiquettes of the Zhou Dynasty,optical phenomena were first classified into tengroups according to their nature,presenting the world’s earliest detailed optical classification system. The meanings defined. however,have been ambinguous and vague in the last two thousand years or so. This paper compares the definitions given by five famous authorities in history,proposes three principles for distinguishing true definitions from wrong ones,and hence reconstructs the original definitions of the pre-Qin’s ten natural optical phenomena in the earliest optical system. Finally,evaluation is made of the observation method and the original definitions in the optical classification system.

Key words:ten groups of optical phenomena;optical classification system;Qin (color omen);Xiang (likeness);Xi (circle);Mi (spread);Xu (order);Xiang (fantasy)