城市热岛和海风环流相互作用的数值模拟研究进展

An overview of numerical studies of interaction of urban heat island and sea breeze circulations

摘要:

在沿海城市地区，城市热岛环流和海风环流往往同时存在；它们在空气污染物的传输和扩散中均起至关重要的作用，对强对流天气亦有重要的触发作用。随着城市化的发展，空气污染等环境问题变得越来越严峻，突然性强对流天气所造成的灾害也越来越严重。因此，沿海城市地区城市热岛和海风环流相互作用的研究受到日益广泛的关注。本文回顾了近30 a来国内外关于城市热岛和海风环流相互作用数值模拟的研究历史，分析了目前的研究现状及存在的一些问题，概述了城市化、城市热岛对海风环流的影响，海风对城市热岛、城市热岛环流的影响，以及城市热岛环流和海风环流的耦合效应。最后，本文提出了一些有待于研究或需深入研究的问题；这些问题的研究将有助于进一步揭示沿海城市地区空气污染动力学机制、强对流天气触发机制。

关键词:热岛环流;海陆风;湖陆风;局地环流;局地对流;城市效应;空气污染动力学

Abstract:

Urban heat island circulation(UHIC) and sea breeze circulation(SBC) usually coexist in coastal urban areas;they play a crucial role in transport and dispersion of air pollutants, and have a significant effect on convection initiation.With the development of urbanization, environmental problems such as air pollution become more and more serious, and disaster induced by severe convective weather becomes more and more serious too.Therefore, the study of UHIC and SBC interaction receives increasing and extensive attention.In this paper, the history of numerical studies of UHIC and SBC interaction in last 30 years is overviewed;The current research status and some problems are analyzed;Some important results are outlined;Some issues and topics are addressed for further study.

Key words:heat island circulation;sea and land breezes;lake and land breezes;local circulation;local convection;urban effect;air pollution dynamics